Arthritis literally means joint inflammation, and it can affect joints in any
part of the body. Joints are places in the body where two bones meet. Many
people use the term arthritis to refer to rheumatic diseases; however, the
different kinds of arthritis comprise just a portion of the rheumatic diseases.
Arthritis is often a chronic disease, which means that it can affect you over a
long period of time. Many forms of arthritis cause swelling, redness, heat, and
pain.
Causes and Risk Factors
Scientists do not yet fully understand what causes the various forms of
arthritis. They are studying risk factors to determine why some people develop
the disease and others do not. Scientists have some understanding of the factors
that cause osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout. These are the three
most common forms of arthritis among older adults.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Different types of arthritis have different symptoms. In general, people with
most forms of arthritis have pain and stiffness in their joints. To make a
diagnosis, most doctors use a combination of methods and tests including a
medical history, a physical examination, x rays, and laboratory tests.
It is important for people with joint pain to give the doctor a complete medical
history. Answering these questions will help your doctor make an accurate
diagnosis:
1. Is the pain in one or more joints?
2. When does the pain occur and how long does it last?
3. When did you first notice the pain?
4. Does activity make the pain better or worse?
5. Have you had any illnesses or accidents that may account for the pain?
6. Is there a family history of any arthritis or rheumatic diseases?
7. What medicines are you taking?
Treatment and Research
Although there is no cure for most forms of arthritis, various therapies can
help patients manage symptoms and improve their overall quality of life. The
choice of treatment depends on the type of arthritis, the severity of symptoms,
the patient's general health, and other factors.